The new mobile technologies, the mobile application industry is advancing rapidly. Consisting of several operating systems like symbian OS, iOS, blackberry, etc., Android OS is recognized as the most widely used, popular and user-friendly mobile platform. This open-source linux kernel-based operating system offers high flexibility due to its customization properties making it a dominant mobile operating system. Android applications are programmed in java language. Google android SDK delivers a special software stack that provides developers an easy platform to develop android applications. Moreover, developers can make use of existing java IDEs which provides flexibility to the developers. Java libraries are predominant in the process of third-party application development. Cross-platform approaches make sure that developers do not have to develop platform-dependent applications. With the help of these approaches, an application can be deployed to several platforms without the need for changes in coding. However, android is more prone to security vulnerabilities which the majority of the users do not take into account. Any android developer can upload their application on the android market which can cause a security threat to any android device. These applications do not have to go through rigorous security checks. In this paper, a layered approach for android application development along with various cross-platform approaches is discussed. Moreover, a brief introduction to new android platforms including security framework as well as security systems is discussed.
Application Layer In this layer, the android application components get executed. End-users can make use of applications that are compiled and executed using the Dalvik Virtual Machine. Developed applications use API libraries to make use of core resources available in the device. In this layer, default applications like contacts, messaging are available.
Websites come in a different number of column. The typical number of columns used in a web page is a single column page, two columns page, or three columns page. Sometimes it is necessary to make some adjustments to the web page layout when the website is accessed from devices with varying screen sizes or resolutions. Good layout arrangement will attract users' attention better. The layout arrangement itself become an important issue when a desktop website is accessed via tablets or smartphones. In a particular case, the use of smaller screen will certainly reduce application usability . It is caused by the differences of screen size between desktop computers, tablets, and smartphones that affecting the amount of information that is being displayed on the device's screen at a time, hence impacting user's productivity. Android PHP Projects - Students Projects
This layer is designed to allow developers getting access to the core application services. These services can be named as Active and windows manager, resource and package manager, etc. In this layer, developers can customize their applications in order to customize the system structure of their applications so that they can make use of various services provided by the API libraries
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